Manual Questions & Answers

1. What is Software Testing?

A. Testing involves operation of a system or application under controlled conditions and evaluating the results,The controlled conditions should include both normal and abnormal conditions.

Testing is a process of executing a program with the intend of finding the errors.

2. What is the Purpose of Testing?

A. The purpose of testing is

1· To uncover hidden errors

2· To achieve the maximum usability of the system

3· To Demonstrate expected performance of the system

3. What types of testing do testers perform?

A. Two types of testing 1.White Box Testing 2.Black Box Testing.

4. What is the Outcome of Testing?

A. The outcome of testing will be a stable application which meets the customer Req's.

5. What kind of testing have you done?

A. Usability,Functionality,System testing,regression testing,UAT

(it depends on the person).

6. What is the need for testing?

A. The Primary need is to match requirements get satisfied with the functionality

and also to answer two questions

1· Whether the system is doing what it supposes to do?

2· Whether the system is not performing what it is not suppose to do?

7. What are the entry criteria for Functionality and Performance testing?

A. Entry criteria for Functionality testing is Functional Specification /BRS (CRS)/User Manual.An integrated application, Stable for testing.

Entry criteria for Performance testing is successfully of functional testing,once all the requirements related to functional are covered and tested, and approved or validated.

8. Why do you go for White box testing, when Black box testing is available?

A. A benchmark that certifies Commercial (Business) aspects and also functional (technical)aspects is objectives of black box testing. Here loops, structures, arrays, conditions,files, etc are very micro level but they arc Basement for any application, So White box takes these things in Macro level and test these things

Even though Black box testing is available,we should go for White box testing also,to check the correctness of code and for integrating the modules.

9.What are the entry criteria for Automation testing?

A. Application should be stable. Clear Design and Flow of the application is needed.

10.When to start and Stop Testing?

A. This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so complex,and run in such an interdependent environment, that complete testing can never be done.

Common factors in deciding when to stop are:

Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines, etc.)

Test cases completed with certain percentage passed

Test budget depleted

Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point

Bug rate falls below a certain level

Beta or alpha testing period ends

11.What is Quality?

A. It ensures that software is a Bug free,delivered in time,with in budget,meets customer requirements and maintainable.Quality standards are different in various areas like accounting department might define quality in terms of Profit.

12.What is Baseline document?

A. The review and approved document is called as baseline document (i.e)Test plan,SRS.

13.What is verification?

A. To check whether we are developing the right product according to the customer

requirements r not.It is a static process.

14.What is validation?

A. To check whether we have developed the product according to the customer requirements r not.It is a Dynamic process.

15.What is quality assurance?

A. Quality Assurance measures the quality of processes used to create a quality product.

1.It is a system of management activities.

2.It is a preventive process.

3.It applies for entire life cycle.

4.Deals with Proces.

16.What is quality control?

A. Quality control measures the quality of a product

1.It is a specific part of the QA procedure.

2.It is a corrective process.

3.It applies for particular product.

4.Deals with the product.

17.What is SDLC and TDLC?

A. Software development life cycle(SDLC) is life cycle of a project from starting to ending of the project.

1.Requiremnts Specification. 2.Analysis

3.Design 4.Coding

5.Testing 6.User acceptance test(UAT)

7.Maintainance

Software Test Life Cycle(STLC) is a life cycle of the testing process.

1.Requiremnts Specification. 2.Planning

3.Test case Design. 4.Execution

5.Bug Reporting. 6.Maintainance

18.What are the Qualities of a Tester?

A. Tester should have qualities like

1.ability to break 2.paitence 3.communication

4.Presentation 5.team work. 6.negative thinking with good judgment skills

19.What are the various levels of testing?

A. The various levels of testing like

1· Ad - Hoc testing

2. Sanity Test

3. Regression Testing

4. Functional testing

5· Web Testing

20.After completing testing, what would you deliver to the client?

A. It is depend upon what you have specified in the test plan document.

the contents delivers to the clients is nothing but Test Deliverables.

1.Test plan document 2.Master test case document 3.Test summary Report.

4.Defect Reports.

21.What is a Test Bed?

A. Test bed means under what test environment(Hardware,software set up) the

application will run smoothly.

22.Why do you go for Test Bed?

A. We will prepare test bed bcoz first we need to identify under which

environment (Hardware,software) the application will run smoothly,then

only we can run the application smoothly without any intereptions.

23.What is Severity and Priority and who will decide what?

A. Severity and priority will be assigned for a particular bug to know the importance of the bug.

Severity:How sevierly the bug is effecting the application.

Priority:Informing to the developer which bug to be fix first.

24.Can Automation testing replace manual testing? If it so, how?

A. Yes,it can be done manually when the project is small,having more time.

we can test with minimum number of users.

25.What is a test case?

A. A test case is a document that describes an input, action, or event and an expected response, to determine if a feature of an application is working correctly.

26.What is a test condition?

A. The condition required to test a feature.(pre condition)

27.What is the test script?

A. Test script is the script which is generated by an automation tool while recording a application features.

28.What is the test data?

A. Test data means the input data(valid,invalid data) giving to check the feature

of an application is working correctly.

29.What is the difference between Re-testing and Regression testing?

A Re-testing:Executing the same test case by giving the no. of inputs on same build.

Regression testing:Executing the same test case on a modified build.

30.What are the different types of testing techniques?

A. 1.white Box testing 2.Black Box testing.

31.What are the different types of test case techniques?

A. 1.Equilance Partition. 2.Boundary Value Analysis. 3.Error guesing.

32.What ifs the difference between defect, error, bug?

A. Defect:While executing the test case if u found any mismatch,the u will report

it to the development team,that is called defect.

Bug:Once the developer accepts your defect,the it is called as a bug.

error:it may be program error or syntax error.

33.What is the difference between quality and testing?

A. QA is more a preventive thing, ensuring quality in the company and therefore

the product rather than just testing the product for software bugs?

TESTING means "quality control"

Quality control measures the quality of a product

Quality Assurance measures the quality of processes used to create a

quality product.

34.What is the difference between White & Black Box Testing?

A. White Box Testing:Based on the knowledge of the internal logic of an application's code.Tests are based on coverage of code statements, branches, paths, conditions.

Black Box testing:- not based on any knowledge of internal design or code.

Tests are based on requirements and functionality.

35.What is the difference between Quality Assurance and Quality Control?

A.

Quality Assurance measures the quality of processes used to create a

quality product.

Quality control measures the quality of the product.

36.What is the difference between Testing and debugging?

A. The Purpose of testing is to show the program has bugs.

The Purpose of debugging is find the error/ misconception that led to failure and implement program changes that correct the error.

37.What is the difference between bug and defect?

A. Defect:While executing the test case if u found any mismatch,the u will report

it to the development team,that is called defect.

Bug:Once the developer accepts your defect,the it is called as a bug.

38.What is the difference between unit testing and integration testing?

A. Unit Testing:It is a testing activity typically done by the developers not by testers,as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal program design and code. Not always easily done unless the application has a well-designed architecture with tight code.

integration testing:testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. The 'parts' can be code modules, individual applications,client and server applications on a network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.

39. What is the diff between Volume & Load?

A. Load,stress testing comes under performance testing.

Load Testing:To test the performance of the application by gradually

increasing the user loads.

Stress Testing:TO test the performance of the application and to find the server break down or where the server crashes.

Volume Testing:To test whether it can able to send max data according to client req's.

40. What is the Diff between Two Tier & Three tier Architecture?

A. Two Tier Architecture:It is nothing but client server Architecture,where client will hit request directly to server and client will get response directly from server.

Three tier Architecture:It is nothing but Web Based application,here in between client and server middle ware will be there,if client hits a request it will go to the middle ware and middle ware will send to server and vise-versa.

41. What is the diff between Integration & System Testing?

A. integration testing:testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. The 'parts' can be code modules, individual applications,client and server applications on a network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.

System Testing:system testing will conducted on the entire system to check whether

it is meeting the customer requirements r not.

42. What is the diff between walk through and inspection?

A. walk through:A 'walk through' is an informal meeting for evaluation or informational purposes. Little or no preparation is usually required

inspection:Inspection is an formal meeting,here every thing discussed will be documented such as a requirements spec or a test plan, and the purpose is to find problems and see what's missing,The result of the inspection meeting should be a written report.

43. What is the Diff between static and dynamic?

A. Static Testing:Test activities that are performed without running the software is called Static Testing,it includes inspections,walk throughs and desk checks.

dynamic testing:Test activities that are performed by running the software is called dynamic Testing.

44. What is the diff between alpha testing and beta testing?

A. Alpha Testing:alpha testing will be performed by client in our environment with dummy data,In this phase some major bugs can be allowed,later which will be solved by our development team.

beta testing:beta testing will be performed by client in his environment with real data,In this phase no bugs can be allowed.

45.What is Recovery testing?

A.testing how well a system recovers from crashes, hardware failures, or other catastrophic problems.